1. Treating TB disease with latent TB treatment regimen can lead to drug resistance.

2. Patients with history of liver disorder or disease, HIV, alcohol consumption regularly should  have baseline liver function tests done before starting latent TB treatment.

3. Isoniazid and Rifapentine(12-Dose LTBI regimen) can be used for any latent TB patient as long as weekly doses are given under DOT with close lab monitoring.

4. Most common latent TB treatment regimens are Isoniazid(INH) daily for 4 months or Rifampin(RIF) daily for 6 months.

5. Recent contacts of people with infectious TB disease with a positive IGRA or TST result of 5mm or greater should receive high priority for latent TB treatment.

6. High risk contacts such as children younger than 5 years of age and people living with HIV may be started on latent TB treatment even if their test result is negative and less than 8-10 weeks have passed since last exposure to TB. This is called Window Prophylaxis treatment.

7. Before provider starts latent TB treatment, active TB disease should be always ruled out with a symptom review and a repeat IGRA or TST.

8. John is a recent contact to a TB case with a positive IGRA and normal chest x-ray. His family doctor started John on latent TB treatment with Isoniazid(INH) for 6 months. Two weeks later, the drug susceptibility results of John’s index case came back, and it showed resistance to INH. John could continue to take Isoniazid until he finishes his treatment.

9. Women who are breastfeeding should not be started on latent TB treatment because the amount of INH in breast milk is significant and not safe for infant.

10. Isoniazid(INH) can cause hepatitis in anyone; however, hepatitis occurs in less than 1% of the people taking INH.